Canada, norway, russia, denmark via greenland, iceland, sweden, finland and the. Source for information on sovereignty, doctrine of. This is a very powerful declaration of sovereignty for those of us currently clearing overlays and templates that distort our original blueprint. Declaration created and contributed by houus remembrance and reclamation of my inherent i am sovereignty the following is to be declared in effect via the spoken word. The harper government has branded itself as a resolute defender of canadas arctic sovereignty. Thank you for the introduction and my sincere appreciation for the opportunity to participate in this workshop. Arctic sovereignty and security in a climatechanging world. The northwest passage and canadian arctic sovereignty. Ilulisaat declaration 2008 declaration of 28 may 2008 adopted by the representatives of canada, denmark, norway, the russian federation, and the united states available in the arctic governance compendium at. Where doubt has risen over canadas claims to arctic sovereignty is in the islands north of the canadian mainland. Jan 22, 2014 the circumpolar inuit declaration on sovereignty argues, for example, that the days of exclusive nationstate sovereignty in the arctic are over. United nations declaration on the rights of indigenous peoples undrip, all of which are relevant to sovereignty and sovereign rights in the arctic.
With 162,000 kilometers of arctic coastline, it is undeniable that the increased global interest in the arctic region is a pivotal concern to canadas strategic interests. Oct 05, 2017 this, unfortunately, is only one incident that lies at the heart of the arctics indigenous peoples struggle to claim sovereignty over the area. Resources economical aspect social sustainability current use of the arctic denmark on arctic. Miscellaneous publish your bachelors or masters thesis, dissertation, term paper or essay. Arctic relations, argued rob huebert of the university of calgarys centre for military and strategic studies, at a conference hosted by the canada institute on december 11, 2007. Jan 01, 2007 introduction arctic sovereignty has become once again a matter of political importance.
As claims of sovereignty in the arctic solidified with the end of territorial disputes around the alaska panhandles, canadas efforts at demonstrating sovereignty have shifted from the mainland of the north, to the arctic archipelago. Declaration of sovereignty and affirmations youtube. The losc, in article 234, grants coastal states authority to specially regulate ice covered areas within their national jurisdiction. I recall members of the libertarian movement not necessarily the libertarian party, who chose to allegedly achieve their ends by becoming.
The new earth declaration of sovereignty will enjoin the voices of thousands, then millions, of men and women across the globe, across all cultural and religious divides putting all governments and globalist institutions on notice that it is they who serve the people and not the other way round, and that their services are no longer required. A ship carry ing oil from europe to asia has to travel roughly,000. The following is to be declared in effect via the spoken word. Because canadas arctic is central to our national identity as a northern nation.
Canadas sovereignty over its arctic waters will be chal lenged as a warming climate decreases the levels of polar ice coverage, thereby making navigation easier for international marine traffic. Jan 20, 2016 nunalivut 2015, last springs arctic sovereignty manoeuvres promoted by the military as a largescale military exercise, involved little more than 200 personnel. What will be one of the right honourable stephen harpers legacies during his nine years in office as canadas twentysecond prime minister will be his. An introduction to inuit rights and arctic sovereignty lawnow. Most challenges to canadas arctic sovereignty have historically come from the united states. Under the present governments watch, the north has seen a robust increase in. In the context of the cold war, canada sent inuit families to the far north in the high arctic relocation, partly to establish territoriality. Sovereignty, doctrine ofsovereignty, doctrine of, has given rise to much spirited debate among lawyers and political theorists. Circumpolar inuit launch declaration on arctic sovereignty. Mar 09, 2011 sovereignty is the quality of having supreme, independent authority over a geographic area, such as a territory canada currently claims sovereignty in the arctic, basically we are claiming that our part of the arctic belongs to us. Establishing state sovereignty over the arctic ocean continental shelf. Given all the talk, lately, of the decalaration of sovereignty by several states, i have noted that there is little corresponding talk of individual sovereignty this is not at all a new concept and has a long history, at least as a philosophical ideal. Climate change is challenging the notions of permanency and stability on which the ideal of the sovereign, territorial state historically has rested.
An analysis of territorial disputes and environmental policy considerations 2009 a. Each of the aforementioned countries has staked a claim for land or waters in the circumpolar. Circumpolar declaration on sovereignty in the arctic. The danishsponsored ilulissat declaration of may 2008 was an explicit rejection of that arctic vision. Defining our continental shelf is vital to ensuring our sovereignty and to serving. Resolving arctic sovereignty from a scandinavian perspective.
Understand the connection between resource development, climate change and sovereignty. Climate change has made it clear that the arctic environmental transformation poses some very real security concerns for canada. A declaration of individual sovereignty the ppj gazette. Sovereignty resources and stories for customer funded. In recent years, rapid climate change has brought the far north to the publics attention. When in the course of his life any individual achieves a clear understanding that the realization of his human potential for the ultimate promotion of his lifetime happiness is being severely constrained and unpermittedly modified by the regulations of those governing his life, and at the same time he appreciates that increasing his lifetime. An introduction to inuit rights and arctic sovereignty. This chapters maps orient the reader to territorial claims in arctic lands and waters. We acknowledge that, due to climate change resulting in changes in ice distribution. Pascal poirier articulates the first claim to national sovereignty over arctic territory based on meridians of longitude, arguing that canada should make a formal declaration of. Declaration of sovereignty the people and the state of alaska comes now the people of the alaska republic, does hereby declare the sovereignty of the people and their governing political body, the state of alaska. Nicole, emma, buket, cyan, leah, aisha the artic circle importance of sovereignty over arctic 5 countries that lay claims to arctic territory.
This constitutes an attack on the sovereignty of parliament. The arctics wild mood swings rattled me with a march gale that hammered ulukhaktok, a hamlet of around 400 people on the western shore of victoria island, high in canadas western arctic. The northwest passage and canadian arctic sovereignty michael kennedy research paper undergraduate politics international politics topic. For immediate release inuit circumpolar council icc circumpolar inuit launch declaration on arctic sovereig nty tromso, norway 28 april 2009 inuit leaders from greenland, canada, alaska, and russia today launched a circumpolar inuit declaration on arctic sovereignty. My message to canadians is that the best way to assert canadian sovereignty in. This book charts the history of performances of sovereignty over the arctic in the policy and visual representations of the us, canada and russia. Professor suzanne lalonde university of montreal, canada after decades of neglect, the issue of arctic sovereignty has found it way into the political and media limelight within canada. A declaration of withdrawal of consent and nonconsent, published as public notice august 19th, 2015. Defining canadas continental shelfan illustrated summary of canadas research efforts to define the boundaries of its continental shelf. Canadas arctic foreign policy global affairs canada. Sovereignty issues loom as arctic sea ice shrinks cbc news. Jun 29, 2016 the treaty which has the approval of 160 countries, including all those bordering the arctic ocean except the u. Canada marks major milestone in defining its continental shelf in.
By taneil george as the arctic continues to melt, concern over who can claim sovereignty over it continues to rise. Choose one resource and an ideal location to promote development and sovereignty in the arctic. Rovaniemi declaration on the protection of the arctic environment. Interest in the northwest passage arises from its potential for international shipping. Some of the states, including canada, have claimed sovereignty on the socalled sector principle, claiming that land facing the arctic gives sovereignty over territory to the north. All eight arctic states have released new arctic foreign policy and security strategies responding to the changing climate, but the sovereignty and security issues of each state are shaped by geography, ecology, culture and national interests. However the principle is not a rule of law 21 or a sound basis for territorial title, 22 and finds little support in state practice. According to our map, canadas sovereignty in the arctic includes the three northern territories, the archipelago and our border pinnacles at the edge of north pole imagine a poorly drawn. Selfsovereignty documents declaration of individual.
Arctic sovereignty and security in a climatechanging. The implementation of an arctic environmental protection strategy will therefore benefit both the arctic countries and the world at large. Updating our ideas alternative definitions of sovereignty and security are emerging in the postcold war period. The changing climate of arctic regions, concerns about defence capability, interest in mineral exploitation, and greater awareness of the needs of canadas indigenous peoples, have all combined to direct political attention to the north. Aug 02, 2007 russias recent claims to vast swaths of the resourcerich arctic highlight the need for canada to defend its sovereignty in the region, prime minister stephen harper said thursday. Peaceful cooperation with other arctic countries, russia in particular, will also strengthen canadas claim on the international stage. Some of the early explorers here were british martin frobisher, 1576, john davis, 1585 and 1587, and others but many of these islands were reached and explored by scandinavians or americans see arctic exploration. Politicians were alarmed over the potential loss of national sovereignty. We acknowledge our common heritage before the creator of all the universe, both visible and invisible. Declaration of sovereignty with a reference to the arctics materiality. Arctic sovereignty videos and latest news articles. Inuit live in the vast, circumpolar region of land, sea and ice known as the arctic.
This arctic foreign policy statement articulates how the government of. The issue of northern sovereignty global warming has helped create the conditions necessary for a perfect storm when it comes to canadau. In 1949 the dutch ceded sovereignty of the dutch east indies to the indonesian republic. The circumpolar inuit declaration on sovereignty argues, for example, that the days of exclusive nationstate sovereignty in the arctic. The future of arctic shipping and the northwest passage n october 20, the danish bulk carrier nordic orion completed the first successful commercial transit of the northwest passage.
We depend on the marine and terrestrial plants and animals supported by the coastal zones of the. Part i march 15, 2011 march 15, 2011 coha only a few short weeks ago, a u. Jun 16, 2008 last month at the arctic ocean conference aoc in ilulissat, greenland, highlevel diplomats from the united states and the other four nations that border the arctic regioncanada, denmark. It plays a central role in american law and government and has increasingly become a fundamental issue in international law and relations as well. Declaration of individual sovereignty new earth nation. A circumpolar inuit declaration sovereignty in the arctic.
It has been used once before under a different name, but it will always return. Resource development and arctic sovereignty 4 learning objectives students will identify types of resources found in the arctic. Increase brain power, focus music, reduce anxiety, binaural and isochronic beats duration. A circumpolar inuit declaration on sovereig nty in the arctic. Resources and stories for customer funded businesses helping independent companies thrive. One of canadas priorities in regards to arctic sovereignty should be to protect the inuit people not only because they are experiencing a loss in culture, but the circumpolar inuit declaration on arctic sovereignty also declares that the inuit have rights to the resources and the land upon which they live on. During the cold war, arctic security was inseparable from national security, nuclear deterrence and the bipolar rivalry between the american and soviet superpowers. Edited transcript of an interview with peter mansbridge pm and sheila wattclouthier swc about the importance to canada and. Inuit view on canadas arctic sovereignty arctic journal.
Declaring and protecting our human sovereignty is the right and duty of every citizen of our world. Understanding sovereignty disputes in the north by michael byers will get your blood boiling if you believe, as i do, that the northwest passage is canadian and not an international waterway. The traditional view of arctic security focuses on military defence, especially the protection of national borders and the assertion of state sovereignty over arctic land and water. We, the representatives of the governments of canada, denmark, finland, iceland, norway, sweden, the union of soviet socialist republics and the united states of america. Arctic sovereignty and security in a climatechanging world 3 executive summary in may of this year, about 200 kilometres north of the arctic circle, representatives from the five coastal states of the arctic gathered in the small town of ilulissat, greenland to discuss the future of the north. The declaration of human sovereignty regarding contact with extraterrestrial nations and forces we, the people of earth, extend greetings to all races in the greater community of the universe. How the inuit and sir john franklins lost crew could. In short, the history of sovereignty in the arctic reflects ongoing attempts to square the multifaceted and unstable nature of arctic materiality with a constructed ontology or, to use schmitts term, a nomos that assumes a fixed division between land and water. Declaration on the protection of the arctic environment. The circumpolar declaration on sovereignty in the arctic developed by the inuit circumpolar council icc. Engage your students during remote learning with video readalouds. The arctic consists of land, internal waters, territorial seas, exclusive economic zones eezs and high seas above the arctic circle 66 degrees 33 minutes north latitude.
Denmark could also conceivably claim an arctic sector 60w to 10w. Canadas arctic sovereignty is on thin ice now magazine. May 07, 2015 an introduction to inuit rights and arctic sovereignty may 7, 2015 by robin campbell the rapidly changing climate in the arctic is opening up the possibility of exploiting the natural resources contained in the arctic ocean seabed. Using the law of the sea, it outlined the sovereign rights of the five coastal states. Providing sharedholder liquidity to great, growing, profitable independent companies to help them thrive for the long haul. Nowhere is this challenge more pressing than in the arctic. Climate change and rising oil prices have thrust the arctic to the top of the foreign policy agenda and raised difficult issues of sovereignty, security and environmental protection. Pascal poirier articulates the first claim to national sovereignty over arctic. A circumpolar inuit declaration on sovereignty in the arctic we, the inuit of inuit nunaat, declare as follows. Arctic ecosystems are influenced and in some cases threatened by factors occurring also outside the arctic. Unlike international governance specified for antarctica by treaty, arctic governance is a composite of national sovereignty and the multilateral arctic council in which the five coastal states join three arctic states finland, iceland, and sweden without coastal access to the arctic ocean, and representatives of six indigenous peoples.
The issue of sovereignty over the circumpolar region is due to the geographical situation of countries such as canada, denmark through greenland, norway, russia and the united states. A century later, canadians still believe that declaration of sovereignty to be true, that the broadly defined arctic is a part of our national identity. Music for body and spirit meditation music recommended for you. Canadas claims to the arctic canada is the worlds second largest circumpolar country. Balancing sovereignty and multilateral cooperation in the arctic. Scholars must update their interpretations of the words to be more inclusive if we are to reduce the vulnerability and increase the resilience of arctic societies. A circumpolar inuit declaration on sovereignty in the arctic. Who owns the arctic understanding sovereignty disputes in. Canada falling short on arctic sovereignty geopolitical monitor. A collaboration of a work by various authors for unrestricted public use unto a reclaiming of individual sovereignty by ones individual intent and will. Ridderhof on january 10, 2014 leave a comment see comments on this post 1 canada, the us, norway, russia, and denmark have been gathering scientific evidence for more than a decade in an effort to increase their continental shelf claims in the arctic ocean region. On 7 november, international inuit day, we expressed unity in our concerns over arctic sovereignty. We recognize that until recently ice has generally covered the high seas portion of the central arctic ocean on a yearround basis, which has made fishing in those waters impossible to conduct.
Mayjune 2012 by whit fraser canadas current prime minister frequently advances canadas position on arctic sovereignty with the words use it or lose it and just as frequently demonstrates canadas use by dramatically increasing the levels of military activity in the north. It also calls for close cooperation among arctic states and inuit on all matters of arctic sovereignty. Canada is committed to furthering its leadership in the arctic. Regarding contact with extraterrestrial nations and forces. An inuit elected official from canadas northern territory of nunavut also draws connections between rethinking the. Mar 22, 2011 the effort to secure sovereignty over continental shelves in the arctic has at once been described as a land grab, 1 a gold rush, 2 and, a race to claim arctic resources. Losc article 234 special rights for arctic coastal states. In turn, the arctic also exerts an important influence on the global environment. In july 1880, the british government transferred the rest of.
Oil, ice, and inuit governance routledge advances in international relations and global politics 9780415640350. Make no mistake, this government intends to use it. Homeland governance and defence by andrea charron and james fergusson september 2018 page 4 arctic sovereignty. As arctic ice disappears a factor that is also at play in this summers search for the lost ships of sir john franklins 1845 mission the world focus on the regions resources intensifies.
Denmarks sovereignty over all of greenland was recognized by the united states in 1916 and by an international court in 1933. A history of indigenous peoples in the arctic the arctics indigenous peoples live across several countries, including canada, the united states, russia, finland, denmark, and sweden. The people of alaska, as a republic, hold these truths to be self evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by. The future of arctic shipping and the northwest passage by whitney lackenbauer and adam lajeunesse december, 2014 page 1 on uncertain ice. We declare the planet earth as humanitys planet of genesis. Promises of vast resources and fabled shipping lanes set free by a melting ice pack have triggered a competition for land and influence across the region. I proclaim my inherent right to be unhindered as my divine sovereign i am self from this moment and for perpetuity. All land, internal waters, territorial seas and eezs in the arctic are under the jurisdiction of one of the eight arctic coastal states. Jun 17, 2010 grants polar imperative is the first really detailed study of 200 years of north american sovereignty in the arctic, written from a canadian vantage point but with excellent documentation of. The declaration was an important preemptive strike against growing global. As states expand their sovereignty claims northward in pursuit of potential opportunities in many cases made possible by climate change, these same states.
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